The effects of micro-contaminant exposure and other environmental perturbations are studied on the level of molecular, cellular, and organismal functionality using in vivo and in vitro model systems. These analyses provide information on the mode of action of toxicants, adverse outcome pathways, and how organisms deal with the resulting effects and regulate homeostatic functions. Identification of sensitive functions within organisms and how differences in acclimatisation or adaptation explain differences in sensitivity and tolerance among individuals, populations, and species.
Physiological and molecular mechanisms of stress and toxicity
Acclimatisation and homeostasis
