Abstract
The new common agricultural policy highlights its commitment to orienting stakeholders in agriculture towards more environment friendly measures through its green payment for actions specifically in favor of the environment. This vision aligns with the commitments to reduce greenhouse gas emissions through the Paris Agreements. A study about greenhouse gas emissions by Pellerin et al. (2017) identified around ten mitigation practices, the implementation of which could be relevant in France and Belgium. Numerous articles study the policies encouraging the adoption of these practices (Antle et al, 2003, Dessart et al, 2019, Doole et al, 2019) or more broadly encouraging the reduction of emissions (De Cara et al, 2005). However, the implementation of these mitigation policies could impact the quality of ecosystem services and vice versa. For example, Bareille and Gohin (2020) show that a tax on pesticides increases nitrogen pollution and GHG emissions due to changes in land use on a global scale. To reduce these antagonisms between mitigation practices and practices protecting ecosystems, it is interesting to shed light upon the adoption of alternative systems rather than encourage the adoption of one category of practices or the other. This PhD thesis will therefore revolve around instruments of economic policies that allow the arbitration between environmental objectives. This work intends to employ the supply side economic model AROPAj which represents the economic behavior of European agricultural systems and uses microeconomic data from the Farm Accountancy Data Network to propose policies arbitrating between environmental objectives through the integration of modules modeling environment friendly practices.
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