Research Lieven Bervoets

Abstract

Background: The exposome encompasses the totality of environmental exposures of an individual or organism throughout life (including exposure to chemicals, diet, lifestyle, climate factors, stress), and how these exposures impact biology (e.g., metabolites, hormones, etc.) and health. In particular, exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs), including metabolic disrupting chemicals (MDCs), has been linked to a broad range of non-communicable diseases and environmental health effects. Workflows for gathering and interpreting exposome data are still in development and are currently focusing on elucidating physiological pathways that link exposure to adverse effects. Ultimately, this will lead to a holistic understanding of how exposures interact with the phenotype to cause adverse health outcomes with potentially large societal, economic, and ecological costs. Aims: We will use innovative approaches to decipher the human exposome from early life on up to adulthood and its association with endocrine and metabolic alterations (leading to disorders, such as liver diseases, metabolic syndrome, diabetes, and obesity), as well as effects on other important physiological processes mostly driven by endocrine and metabolic signaling.

Researcher(s)

• Promoter: Covaci Adrian
• Co-promoter: Bervoets Lieven
• Co-promoter: Bittremieux Wout
• Co-promoter: De Boeck Gudrun
• Co-promoter: Hermans Nina
• Co-promoter: Jorens Philippe
• Co-promoter: Knapen Dries
• Co-promoter: Leroy Jo
• Co-promoter: van Nuijs Alexander

Research team(s)

• Toxicological Centre

Project type(s)

• Research Project

Abstract

Extensive persistence of PFAS in Europe and its toxicity to life on earth, bioaccumulation, and adverse health and ecological effects make PFAS a top priority pollutant. Contemporary 'one substance, one assessment approaches' to remediate PFAS are difficult to apply through the different compartments given the extensive group of precursors and metabolites that can arise in the environment. Current knowledge is insufficient to understand the risks posed by diffuse pollution to both people and the environment ('one health' approach) and has not yet been translated and integrated into management nor remediation practices. LIFE PFASTER (PFAS systemic regional approach to Assess Spatial distribution, Transfer, Exposure and Remediation of wide-spread pollution in Willebroek, Flanders), aims to improve soil and water quality by developing a regional systemic remediation approach to reduce diffuse pollution with PFAS of soil, sediment, water and biota, including innovative, cost efficient methods to assess the spatial distribution and identification of exposure routes of the contaminants and the design and piloting of a replicable remediation approach beneficial for biodiversity and human health. Key steps incl.: 1) Asses composition, spatial distribution, transfer and ecological and related health risks of PFAS; 2) Design and pilot innovative and replicable (nature-based) remediation techniques, incl. phyto- and mycoremediation, mycofiltration, constructed and floating wetlands, in-situ flushing and physical-chemical groundwater treatment; 3) Develop a remediation approach and 4) Replicate the remediation approach and best practice techniques at other sites in Flanders and Europe. Project area is the former industrial Willebroek site and its surroundings, an exemplary case for PFAS contaminated sites. The 12 LIFE PFASTER expert partner organisations have a vast network of local, regional, (inter)national partners for project input, dissemination and replication.

Researcher(s)

• Promoter: Bervoets Lieven

Research team(s)

• Ecosphere

Project type(s)

• Research Project

Abstract

How do animals, including humans, and plants cope with stress under altered environmental conditions (e.g., warming, drought), or in the presence of specific contaminants (e.g. PFAS, pesticides) originating from a variety of diverse sources? These are our main running research questions. In this biological/environmental research, it is crucial to trace and quantify different compounds of interest in a broad range of samples ranging from water, soil, and sediments over animal/human- and plant tissues. On the one hand, compounds of interest are hormones, which are well-known signal molecules altered in organisms during stress and being active in a very low concentration range. On the other hand, the ecotoxicological applications require research that keeps pace with the dynamic changes in the new generation of molecules used in industry and the evolution towards raised restriction levels in the environment determined by EU and local governments. Therefore, to claim a worldwide leading position in this field, it is important that we invest in the development of innovative sensitive analytical techniques which allow us to trace and quantify extremely low amounts of different compounds of interest. This project application aims to purchase a sustainable, new generation UPLC-TQD-MS, to improve the analytical platform available. This opportunity will not only support ongoing joint collaborations but will also bring the UAntwerpen to an acknowledged leading position in this field.

Researcher(s)

• Promoter: Prinsen Els
• Co-promoter: Bervoets Lieven
• Co-promoter: Covaci Adrian
• Co-promoter: Eens Marcel
• Co-promoter: Groffen Thimo

Research team(s)

• Integrated Molecular Plant Physiology Research (IMPRES)

Project type(s)

• Research Project

Abstract

So-called biota standards have been derived for a number of WFD substances because of the risk of secondary poisoning. These are the maximum concentrations of a chemical substance that may be present in living aquatic organisms. These are often substances that are very difficult to measure in the water phase, which is why there have not been any reliable WFD assessments for these substances for a long time. In this study, WFD chemicals and other priority substances will be measured in fish samples from different locations in Flemish watercourses.

Researcher(s)

• Promoter: Bervoets Lieven

Research team(s)

• Ecosphere

Project type(s)

• Research Project

Abstract

So-called biota standards have been derived for a number of WFD substances because of the risk of secondary poisoning. These are the maximum concentrations of a chemical substance that may be present in living aquatic organisms. These are often substances that are very difficult to measure in the water phase, which is why there have not been any reliable WFD assessments for these substances for a long time. In this study, WFD chemicals will be measured in fish and in shellfish. The results will be processed and reported

Researcher(s)

• Promoter: Bervoets Lieven

Research team(s)

• Ecosphere

Project type(s)

• Research Project

Abstract

So-called biota standards have been derived for a number of WFD substances because of the risk of secondary poisoning. These are the maximum concentrations of a chemical substance that may be present in living aquatic organisms. These are often substances that are very difficult to measure in the water phase, which is why there have not been any reliable WFD assessments for these substances for a long time. In this study, WFD chemicals will be measured in fish and in shellfish. The results will be processed and reported.

Researcher(s)

• Promoter: Bervoets Lieven

Research team(s)

• Ecosphere

Project type(s)

• Research Project

Abstract

So-called biota standards have been derived for a number of WFD substances because of the risk of secondary poisoning. These are the maximum concentrations of a chemical substance that may be present in living aquatic organisms. These are often substances that are very difficult to measure in the water phase, which is why there have not been any reliable WFD assessments for these substances for a long time. In this study, WFD chemicals will be measured in fish and in shellfish. The results will be processed and reported.

Researcher(s)

• Promoter: Bervoets Lieven

Research team(s)

• Ecosphere

Project type(s)

• Research Project

Abstract

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are synthetic pollutants extensively used in various industrial and consumer products, leading to their widespread presence in the environment and organisms. Given the associated human health risks and significant ecological impact of PFAS contamination in soil, remediation is imperative. However, PFAS exhibit high persistence, posing substantial challenges to effective remediation. Current techniques target only select compounds, are costly, invasive, and lack efficiency in terrestrial environments. Previous studies showed the ability of plants to accumulate PFAS, suggesting phytoextraction as a promising alternative soil remediation method. Yet, knowledge regarding factors influencing plant PFAS uptake remains limited, with current research mainly focusing on single plant species. This project aims to identify general plant characteristics influencing PFAS uptake and optimal soil conditions for such uptake. Furthermore, we will assess the potential of earthworms (Lumbricus terrestris) to enhance the remediation potential of terrestrial plants. These objectives will be pursued through greenhouse experiments and validated by field experiments conducted near diverse PFAS-contaminated sites and under varying climatic conditions. This research will contribute to the understanding of the bioavailability of PFAS in soils to plants and the development of cost-effective and sustainable remediation strategies for PFAS- contaminated soil.

Researcher(s)

• Promoter: Bervoets Lieven
• Co-promoter: Bergmans Anne
• Co-promoter: Groffen Thimo

Research team(s)

• Ecosphere

Project type(s)

• Research Project

Abstract

So-called biota standards have been derived for a number of WFD substances because of the risk of secondary poisoning. These are the maximum concentrations of a chemical substance that may be present in living aquatic organisms. These are often substances that are very difficult to measure in the water phase, which is why there have not been any reliable WFD assessments for these substances for a long time. In this study, WFD chemicals will be measured in fish and in shellfish. The results will be processed and reported.

Researcher(s)

• Promoter: Bervoets Lieven

Research team(s)

• Ecosphere

Project type(s)

• Research Project

Abstract

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are synthetic organic compounds that have unique properties which have led to a widespread industrial and commercial use, and subsequent contamination of the environment. The partitioning of PFAS to the abiotic matrices, which are important exposure routes for PFAS in the food chain, depends on chemical-, media- and site-specific characteristics. Organisms residing in polluted ecosystems may accumulate different PFAS depending on their physiological and structural characteristics, and on the bioavailability of PFAS (affected by among others their chemical structure). Quantitative measurements of bioaccumulation are well known for legacy PFAS, but not for the vast majority. Similarly, the relative lack of toxicological data for most PFAS is an uncertainty factor in ecological risk assessment (ERA). The objective of this study is to investigate how the chemical structure of PFAS affect their bioaccumulation and toxicity in aquatic and terrestrial organisms. We will use a focused comparative testing (i.e. including PFOS and PFOA, for which such information on bioaccumulation and toxicity is present), in a phylogenetically broad range of organisms to provide baseline data for ERA. A probabilistic risk assessment approach using species sensitivity distributions will be used to investigate the chronic and acute toxicity of fifteen PFAS and to estimate toxicity benchmark concentrations for soil, sediment, and freshwater.

Researcher(s)

• Promoter: Bervoets Lieven
• Co-promoter: Prinsen Els
• Fellow: Groffen Thimo

Research team(s)

• Ecosphere

Project type(s)

• Research Project

Abstract

The main objective of PFASFORWARD is to gain insights concerning the presence, prevalence, behaviour, and distribution of various per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) throughout the entire food chain, including the impact of processing. The pathways by which PFAS can enter the feed and food chain will also be investigated. PFASFORWARD will focus on the PFAS listed by Commission Recommendation (EU) 2022/14311, mainly 4-EFSA-PFAS, carboxylate-PFAS (C5-C14), sulfonate-PFAS (C4-C13), and PFAS substitutes (DONA, F53B minor and major and HFPO-DA). Furthermore, untargeted analyses will also be performed for a limited number of samples to extend the analyte scope and envisage a broader range of fluorinated contaminants. Firstly, the monitoring data obtained within FLUOREX will be further complemented by adding matrices from the market. Afterwards, PFAS behaviour and distribution will be investigated by analyzing different highly contaminated edible fractions of the same animal (including fish, pig, cattle and chicken) or plant (including apples, potatoes, carrots, and cauliflower). Since the concentrations of PFAS can vary between the different parts, the impact of processing (e.g. grain milling, juice pressing, production of meat and dairy products) will be investigated. It should also be taken into account that this might be influenced by the type of PFAS (e.g. long-chain versus short-chain compounds). Additionally, more knowledge on the origin and transfer of PFAS throughout the food chain will be obtained through literature review, experiments or simulations in order to be able to reduce or prevent possible contamination and, as such, guarantee consumers' food safety. Information on possible PFAS transfer from compost, sewage sludge, irrigation water, well water, soil, feed and feed materials will be gathered. PFASFORWARD will not only give an overview of the presence of PFAS on the Belgian market but also respond to issues highlighted in the Commission Recommendation (EU) 2022/1431 on PFAS monitoring in food.

Researcher(s)

• Promoter: Bervoets Lieven
• Co-promoter: Groffen Thimo

Research team(s)

• Ecosphere

Project type(s)

• Research Project

Abstract

The primary aim of offshore wind farms (OWFs) is to produce renewable energy. OWFs contribute to UN sustainable development goals on clean energy and climate action and offer opportunities for spatial multi-use with nature conservation and aquaculture. The type and environmental impact of chemical emissions from OWFs have been largely overlooked to date, although the first investigations indicate that OWFs represent a source of chemical emissions. As the North Sea is a highly dynamic system, these emissions can have a transboundary impact. Given the large increase in the number of OWFs, transnational cooperation is required to minimise contaminant emissions and ensure a healthy ecosystem. The Anemoi project, named after the Greek wind gods, aims to characterise chemical emissions from OWFs in the North Sea basin, assess their impact on the marine ecosystem, evaluate opportunities for aquaculture at OWFs and propose effective monitoring tools and reduction measures to ensure sustainable multi-use of the marine environment. Anemoi will increase our knowledge of the sources of chemical emissions and their potential risks, which is essential information for OWF industry and for policy development. The project will propose regulatory adaptations needed to reach internationally harmonised environmental egislon OWF emissions within the North Sea area. Anemoi will bring forward solutions to reduce chemical emissions from corrosion protection systems and applied coatings, and will provide necessary elements for its sound management. To achieve the project objectives a strong participatory stakeholder framework will be established. Here, project partners and stakeholders from industry, policy and the public sector will participate in bi-directional knowledge exchange. This knowledge will be used to guide the project activities and proposed reduction measures, as well as to create new findings on the societal landscape that drives OWF development.

Researcher(s)

• Promoter: Bervoets Lieven

Research team(s)

• Ecosphere

Project type(s)

• Research Project

Abstract

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are chemicals globally present in the environment and biota, as a result of their massive production and use in numerous applications, such as food contact paper, fire-fighting foams, textiles, construction and cleaning products. Their bioaccumulative and persistent properties have led to global regulatory measures for PFOS and PFOA. These are the most frequently detected legacy PFAS and their concentrations are still very high in the environment and biota. In addition, there are many emerging PFAS alternatives developed, with similar structures and chemical properties, not yet regulated and hence used unrestrictedly. However, very little or no information is available on the bioavailability, biomagnification and toxic effects of these emerging compounds, particularly for the terrestrial environment. PFAS may thus accumulate in the environment, posing risks to organisms. There are also many uncertainties on which factors might influence the bioavailability and biomagnification, especially of emerging PFAS. The identification of emerging PFAS, which have largely replaced the legacy PFAS, would allow us to investigate the environmental relevance of currently-used PFAS, as well as to characterize possible point sources. Detailed field studies on soil, plants, invertebrates (e.g. earthworms, woodlice, caterpillars, snails, slugs, and spiders), and great tits (Parus major; a songbird model species) planned in this project will provide us with: 1) an overview of the distribution of legacy and emerging PFAS present in the terrestrial environment near a fluorochemical polluting hotspot in Antwerp, 2) how the concentrations in the food chain are influenced by soil properties, and 3) their potential toxicity in key model species. In addition, experimental lab studies with PFAS and elevated temperature (T) as stressors on terrestrial invertebrates and plants will be performed to: 4) disentangle causal links from confounding effects regarding the soil properties, 5) verify whether or not increased T and PFAS have an additive toxic effect when combined, and 6) create a mechanistic framework explaining the underlying subcellular basis of root growth responses towards PFAS/increased T in the plant model species Arabidopsis thaliana. This project will allow us to understand the bioavailability and mechanism of the toxicity of emerging and legacy PFAS in plants, invertebrates, and birds and will offer instruments for regulators to assess the environmental risk and potential effects on human health.

Researcher(s)

• Promoter: Bervoets Lieven
• Co-promoter: Covaci Adrian
• Co-promoter: Eens Marcel
• Co-promoter: Prinsen Els
• Co-promoter: Vissenberg Kris

Research team(s)

• Ecosphere

Project type(s)

• Research Project

Abstract

This policy-oriented scientific research generates new human biomonitoring data and data from environmental measurements to examine to what extent and how adolescents in Flanders are exposed to environmental pressure and what this exposure does to the body. The study design is interdisciplinary. All Flemish universities, VITO, PIH and INBO contribute; VITO is the research coordinator. In this configuration, CRESC takes the lead of the social sciences aspects, including the research of socio-stratification in participation rates and study results, of risk perception, risk communication and stakeholder involvement in the study.

Researcher(s)

• Promoter: Bergmans Anne
• Co-promoter: Bervoets Lieven
• Co-promoter: Covaci Adrian
• Co-promoter: Crabbé Ann
• Co-promoter: Groffen Thimo
• Co-promoter: Vandermoere Frederic
• Co-promoter: Verschraegen Gert

Research team(s)

• Centre for Research on Environmental and Social Change

Project type(s)

• Research Project

Abstract

Aquatic ecosystems and waterbodies are under persistent stress of chemical pollutants, mainly of anthropogenic origin. High concentrations can harm entire ecosystems and be potentially toxic to humans. The European Water Framework Directive (WFD) obliges member states to monitor chemical compounds in surface waters and to set quality standards that protect against detrimental effects of toxic compounds. Generally, most of the target chemical compounds are able to be measured in water or sediment samples. However, the low water solubility of highly hydrophobic compounds precludes direct measurement in water. Accordingly, the WFD has formulated biota quality standards (BQS), for 11 priority compounds and their derivatives, which refer to concentrations of compounds that have to be monitored in fish and bivalves (biota). In the present study, bioaccumulation of hexachlorobenzene (HCBz), hexachlorobutadiene (HCBd), mercury (Hg), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDE), hexabromo-cyclododecane (HBCD), perfluoro-octaansulphonate (PFOS) and its derivatives, dicofol, heptachlor and heptachlor epoxide, and dioxins and dioxin-like compounds were measured in muscle tissue of perch (Perca fluviatilis) and European eel (Anguilla anguilla) originating from different Flemish water bodies. Fluoranthene and benzo(a)pyrene were measured in zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha) and quagga mussel (Dreissena bugensis), using active biomonitoring. In every sampling point at least one of both selected fish species could be collected. For fluoranthene an exceedance of the standard was observed in some sampling locations in zebra mussel, for benzo(a)pyrene there were some exceedances for both zebra and quagga mussel. Dioxin concentrations exceeded the standard in 4 sampling locations in eel muscle tissue. For PFOS, an exceedance of the standard was detected at almost every location for both fish species. The biota quality standard for Hg and PBDE was exceeded in every sampling location and for both fish species. One sample had PBDE concentrations below the quantification limit, which is more than 10 times higher than the BQS. Concentrations of HCBd and dicofol were below the quantification limit. Furthermore no exceedances of the standard were found for HCBz and HBCD. For heptachlor all measurements where below the quantification limits (40 times higher than the standard), cis-heptachlor epoxide exceeded the quantification limit in all except one location in eel muscle tissue and in 3 locations in perch muscle tissue. An overall trend of higher concentrations per wet weight in eel than in perch was detected. Nonetheless, after correction for lipid content, this trend was no longer present or even reversed with higher concentrations in perch muscle tissue, indicating the lipophilic properties of these compounds. This was true for all compounds – except for PFOS: in fact, this compound showed the exact opposite trend. Concentrations of PAHs were always higher in zebra mussel than in quagga mussel. This is possibly caused by the higher trophic position of the first. For both fish species, however, we could not find clear differences in trophic level. Finally, calculated concentrations using the passive samplers, compared to existing literature, show promising applicability and incites further development of this tool. Based on the results of the present study and – where possible – a comparison to data present in literature, it is evident that the existing biota quality standards for Hg, PBDE and PFOS are exceeded in all fish species from Flemish and European water bodies

Researcher(s)

• Promoter: Bervoets Lieven

Research team(s)

• Ecosphere

Project type(s)

• Research Project

Abstract

In this project, we trace the value chain of sand and stones, manually extracted along Lake Kivu, transported to the city of Bukavu, and materially transformed into the city's handmade architecture. Focusing on human labour, nature and material constructions, we envisage a threefold change: better protection of the environment around extraction, transport and construction sites, better protection of human labour (and particularly female labour) along the sand and stone value chain, and improved constructions and urbanisation of the city of Bukavu and future extensions. This project will co-construct knowledge in the fields of labour, environment and architecture, and train two PhD students (one in Environment and one in Development Studies) and two MSc students (one in Architecture and one in Human Settlements). In doing so, the project will contribute to strengthening multidisciplinary research and inter-faculty collaboration, through the consolidation of the existing research centre Centre d'Expertise en Gestion Minière (CEGEMI) and the creation of a new Academic Design Office (ADO) for a sustainable, inclusive and enriching urban future. The project responds to pressing needs in the city of Bukavu. It will have a solid societal impact through the continuous involvement of key stakeholders. A stakeholder platform, annual stakeholder meetings and creative outreach provide the conditions for uptake, while CEGEMI and ADO can consolidate these collaborations in a sustainable way.

Researcher(s)

• Promoter: Geenen Sara
• Co-promoter: Bervoets Lieven

Research team(s)

• Development processes, actors and policies

Project type(s)

• Research Project

Abstract

Chemicals risk assessors and managers are faced with data and knowledge gaps and lack of tools and methods, to speed up and prioritise risk assessments and capture risks from existing and emerging substances across regulatory domains. The lack of available or accessible information increases the risk of 'regrettable' substitutions and slows down the design of safer chemicals. A diverse landscape of regulatory frameworks and actors carrying out risk assessment of chemicals for their specific purpose has resulted in a fragmented approach. Risks to human and environmental health are still in certain cases considered separately, while in most cases they are inherently interrelated. To enable risk assessors and risk managers to respond to current and future challenges, the Partnership should stimulate research and innovation in chemicals risk assessment by developing a collaborative network with public research entities. A common research and innovation programme should be established by national and EU risk assessors and risk managers in consultation with relevant stakeholders (academia, industry, associations and others). Activities of the Partnership should be complementary and subsidiary to obligations under existing regulatory frameworks, and should coordinate with these as relevant. The Partnership should become a reference centre for research questions related to chemicals risk assessment, including those emerging from other Horizon Europe partnerships or missions. The Partnership is expected to establish relevant collaborations with other Horizon Europe partnerships and missions as set out in the working document on 'Coherence and Synergies of candidate European partnerships under Horizon Europe' as well as to explore collaborations with other relevant activities at EU and international level. The Partnership should align with EU-wide initiatives on open access and FAIR data.

Researcher(s)

• Promoter: Knapen Dries
• Co-promoter: Bervoets Lieven
• Co-promoter: Blust Ronny
• Co-promoter: Covaci Adrian
• Co-promoter: Groffen Thimo
• Co-promoter: Poma Giulia
• Co-promoter: van Nuijs Alexander
• Co-promoter: Vergauwen Lucia

Research team(s)

• Veterinary physiology and biochemistry

Project type(s)

• Research Project

Abstract

We will develop a pioneering holistic framework based on innovative approaches to explore the human exposome in terms of exposure leading to adverse effects with a focus on endocrine-modulated neurological and metabolic disorders by: i. Identifying and characterizing the exposure sources of relevant chemicals in the context of the xposome framework; ii. developing and applying in silico, in vitro and in vivo human and animal models to investigate the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion processes after exposure to chemicals; iii. setting up relevant clinical/epidemiological exposure-wide association studies to better understand the associations between exposure and neurological and metabolic disorders in longitudinal and (nested) casecontrol cohorts and including birth cohorts to understand transgenerational mechanisms; iv. using targeted and untargeted omics techniques (e.g. metabolomics and transcriptomics) in human and animal biological systems to aid data-driven discovery of causal factors for adverse health effects; v. linking exposure to mixtures by integrating exposome research with the adverse outcome pathway concept, a novel toxicological framework structuring the cascade of biological events from an initial molecular-level perturbation of a biological system to an adverse health outcome.

Researcher(s)

• Promoter: Covaci Adrian
• Co-promoter: Bervoets Lieven
• Co-promoter: Blust Ronny
• Co-promoter: Eens Marcel
• Co-promoter: Jorens Philippe
• Co-promoter: Knapen Dries
• Co-promoter: van Nuijs Alexander

Research team(s)

• Toxicological Centre

Project type(s)

• Research Project

Abstract

Extraction and analysis of muscle tissue of crabs, coming from the Guayas estuary in Ecuador, for the determination of concentrations of 29 PFAS. The extraction consists of solvent extraction, followed by clean-up with activated carbon powder and filtration. Hereafter samples were analyzed using UPLC-MS/MS.

Researcher(s)

• Promoter: Bervoets Lieven
• Co-promoter: Groffen Thimo

Research team(s)

• Ecosphere

Project type(s)

• Research Project

Abstract

The pond in the Stadspark in Antwerp suffered particularly badly from the various drainage operations in the area over the past decade, and even dried up at certain times. Moreover, the park is very centrally located in a very densely populated neighbourhood, and is one of the few green areas in the wider area. Both the attractiveness of the park, the health of fauna and flora, and its cooling effect on the immediate surroundings are largely dependent on the presence of water features. So using the drainage water from the Den Bel buildings would be a good solution to combat the desiccation of the city park pond. However, from the summer of 2021, the re-infiltration project became severely hypothecated by the finding that PFAS were present in the Den Bell drainage water. PFAS or per- and polyfluoro alkyl substances are anthropogenic polymers based carbon-fluorine compounds that are particularly persistent, can accumulate strongly in biota and are potentially toxic. The aim of this study is to investigate the distribution and bioavailability of PFAS in the city pond before and after the discharge of the drainage water. In addition, the effects on biological water quality will be investigated. Finally, the potential of PFAS removal through phytoremediation will be investigated.

Researcher(s)

• Promoter: Bervoets Lieven
• Co-promoter: Groffen Thimo

Research team(s)

• Ecosphere

Project type(s)

• Research Project

Abstract

PFAS worden al sinds de jaren '60 van vorige eeuw geproduceerd; Doordat een aantal componenten, zoals PFOS en PFOA, niet meer geproduceerd worden, is er een verschuiving in de samenstelling van PFAS in visweefsel over de laatste 20 jaar te verwachten. in deze studie worden analyses uitgevoerd van PFAS in palingweefsel dat bewaard werd door het INBO. Op die manier moet het mogelijk zijn om trends in de accumulatie na te gaan.

Researcher(s)

• Promoter: Bervoets Lieven
• Co-promoter: Groffen Thimo

Research team(s)

• Ecosphere

Project type(s)

• Research Project

Abstract

Nutrients are vital, not only for individual organisms but also for entire ecosystems. The SKALAR SAN++ Advanced System allows us to analyze a whole range of nutrients in continuous flow. It is essential for the research of the new research group ECOSPHERE on aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems, where nutrient analysis in water, plants and soil are essential, and for the research group DuEL, where nutrient analysis in wastewater streams and microbial growth media are indispensable. The equipment also delivers analysis services to other research groups and external parties.

Researcher(s)

• Promoter: De Boeck Gudrun
• Co-promoter: Bervoets Lieven
• Co-promoter: Schoelynck Jonas
• Co-promoter: Vlaeminck Siegfried

Research team(s)

• Ecosphere

Project type(s)

• Research Project

Abstract

This scientific study uses human biomonitoring and environmental measurements to investigate how a group of 300 young people in the region around 3M are exposed to PFAS and what this exposure does in the body. The study design is interdisciplinary.

Researcher(s)

• Promoter: Loots Ilse
• Co-promoter: Bervoets Lieven
• Co-promoter: Eens Marcel
• Co-promoter: Schoeters Greta

Research team(s)

• Centre for Research on Environmental and Social Change

Project type(s)

• Research Project

Abstract

Aquatic ecosystems and waterbodies are under persistent stress of chemical pollutants, mainly of anthropogenic origin. High concentrations can harm entire ecosystems and be potentially toxic to humans. The European Water Framework Directive (WFD) obliges member states to monitor chemical compounds in surface waters and to set quality standards that protect against detrimental effects of toxic compounds. Generally, most of the target chemical compounds are able to be measured in water or sediment samples. However, the low water solubility of highly hydrophobic compounds precludes direct measurement in water. Accordingly, the WFD has formulated biota quality standards (BQS), for 11 priority compounds and their derivatives, which refer to concentrations of compounds that have to be monitored in fish and bivalves (biota). In the present study, bioaccumulation of hexachlorobenzene (HCBz), hexachlorobutadiene (HCBd), mercury (Hg), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDE), hexabromo-cyclododecane (HBCD), perfluoro-octaansulphonate (PFOS) and its derivatives, dicofol, heptachlor and heptachlor epoxide, and dioxins and dioxin-like compounds were measured in muscle tissue of perch (Perca fluviatilis) and European eel (Anguilla anguilla) originating from different Flemish water bodies. Fluoranthene and benzo(a)pyrene were measured in zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha) and quagga mussel (Dreissena bugensis), using active biomonitoring. In every sampling point at least one of both selected fish species could be collected. For fluoranthene an exceedance of the standard was observed in some sampling locations in zebra mussel, for benzo(a)pyrene there were some exceedances for both zebra and quagga mussel. Dioxin concentrations exceeded the standard in 4 sampling locations in eel muscle tissue. For PFOS, an exceedance of the standard was detected at almost every location for both fish species. The biota quality standard for Hg and PBDE was exceeded in every sampling location and for both fish species. One sample had PBDE concentrations below the quantification limit, which is more than 10 times higher than the BQS. Concentrations of HCBd and dicofol were below the quantification limit. Furthermore no exceedances of the standard were found for HCBz and HBCD. For heptachlor all measurements where below the quantification limits (40 times higher than the standard), cis-heptachlor epoxide exceeded the quantification limit in all except one location in eel muscle tissue and in 3 locations in perch muscle tissue. An overall trend of higher concentrations per wet weight in eel than in perch was detected. Nonetheless, after correction for lipid content, this trend was no longer present or even reversed with higher concentrations in perch muscle tissue, indicating the lipophilic properties of these compounds. This was true for all compounds – except for PFOS: in fact, this compound showed the exact opposite trend. Concentrations of PAHs were always higher in zebra mussel than in quagga mussel. This is possibly caused by the higher trophic position of the first. For both fish species, however, we could not find clear differences in trophic level. Finally, calculated concentrations using the passive samplers, compared to existing literature, show promising applicability and incites further development of this tool. Based on the results of the present study and – where possible – a comparison to data present in literature, it is evident that the existing biota quality standards for Hg, PBDE and PFOS are exceeded in all fish species from Flemish and European water bodies.  

Researcher(s)

• Promoter: Bervoets Lieven

Research team(s)

Project type(s)

• Research Project

Abstract

Per- and polyfluoralkylated substances or PFAS, which have been used in large quantities since the 1940s because of their applications such as food packaging, are receiving increasing attention since the early 2000s. The production and use of PFAS have led to the global detection in the environment. Despite regulatory measures for perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoate (PFOA), the most frequently detected PFAS, there are concerns on many other PFAS that are similar in structure and properties and that are not regulated. Soils form the basis of the terrestrial food chain and PFAS uptake from contaminated soils is known to cause human exposure to PFAS. However, there are many uncertainties on the behaviour of PFAS in soils and the following bioavailability to and bioaccumulation in biota. The general objective of my project is to investigate the role of soil properties and temperature on the uptake and distribution of PFAS in the terrestrial food chain. Descriptive studies, close to a fluorochemical plant, will provide us with an overview of the concentrations of legacy, novel and unknown PFAS in the terrestrial food chain and how these concentrations are influenced by soil properties. In addition, experimental studies will be performed to disentangle causal links from confounding effects, but also to study the uptake and effects in terrestrial invertebrates and plants. This study will help policy makers to set new, or alter existing, PFAS criteria for soil.

Researcher(s)

• Promoter: Bervoets Lieven
• Co-promoter: Eens Marcel
• Co-promoter: Prinsen Els
• Fellow: Groffen Thimo

Research team(s)

• Ecosphere

Project type(s)

• Research Project

Abstract

The equipment applied for in this application is the Tecan SPARK®, a multimode microplate reader. The instrument reads microtiter plates up to 384 wells in various modes. Equipped with several monochromators, it measures optical density, several fluorescence modes and luminescence. It has an incubator-shaker ranging from 18° to 42°C. Unlike many other readers on the market, it is capable of measuring the quality and quantity of nucleic acids and proteins in volumes down to 2 microliters on 16 samples in parallel. It is a modular system which allows future extension with flash injectors, plate stacker, automatic lid removal etc… Prof. L. Bervoets (promotor), prof. G. De Boeck, and prof. H. Svardal (co-promotors) work in the SPHERE group on the effects of environmental stressors, both natural and anthropogenic, on the performance of aquatic and terrestrial organisms, in vivo and in vitro with an emphasis on mechanisms and ecological relevance. Prof. E. Prinsen (co-promotor) and the IMPRES group study plant stress and energy metabolism, acclimation mechanisms and the modelling of Leaf growth and tip growth and the role of plant hormones therein. All team members have an increasing need of in vitro assays to determine enzymatic activity and several other biomarkers such as hormones and cellular metabolites. The advanced possibilities of the SPARK® instrument offer several advantages, e.g. fluorescence modes, luminescence, scanning mode, etc., compared to the groups' current instruments (>10 years old). Notably, the cooling capacity of the incubator is unique on the market today. The facility for cooling is very important for the groups' research: SPHERE mainly focusses on the aquatic environment, and IMPRES on plants in a temperate climate, hence it is necessary to run assays at temperatures lower than typical room.

Researcher(s)

• Promoter: Bervoets Lieven
• Co-promoter: De Boeck Gudrun
• Co-promoter: Prinsen Els
• Co-promoter: Svardal Hannes

Research team(s)

Project website

Project type(s)

• Research Project

Abstract

In the context of the further elaboration of the policy related to risk assessment of contaminated sediments in Flanders, OVAM has set up different actions. Initiatives from Flanders and abroad provide insight into how the risks of sediment contamination can be estimated and tackled. This results in a large amount of knowledge and information. However, it is a complex matter. That is why researchers from SPHERE, with relevant expertise, will assist OVAM. The information related to environmental risk assessment from the various projects will be used to develop its policy in Flanders.

Researcher(s)

• Promoter: Blust Ronny
• Co-promoter: Bervoets Lieven
• Co-promoter: Teuchies Johannes

Research team(s)

Project type(s)

• Research Project

Abstract

On several locations in Flanders sediments are seriously contaminated. Within the framework of European regulation (Water Framework Directive) it is important to assess the impact of this pollution on the aquatic ecosystem. Within this project, the possible influence of sediment contamination on the water quality and ecological goals of the ecosystem will be investigated. The project consists of a literature study, field measurements and experiments and the elaboration of a policy framework for Flanders.

Researcher(s)

• Promoter: Blust Ronny
• Co-promoter: Bervoets Lieven
• Co-promoter: Teuchies Johannes

Research team(s)

Project type(s)

• Research Project

Abstract

Perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) are a diverse family of anthropogenic chemicals with unique physicochemical properties that have resulted in numerous industrial and commercial applications. Their broad application and bioaccumulation potential has led to their worldwide presence in the environment and detection in biota including humans. Over the last decade, consuming food products by humans from self-cultivation has become a remarkable trend in rural, urban and even industrial areas. Nevertheless, PFAAs can enter the food chain due to their widespread use and food intake has been identified as a major pathway for human exposure to PFAAs. Despite the ubiquitous presence and known bio accumulation potential of PFAAs, there is no overview of their spatial distribution pattern or degree of exposure via dietary intake. Nevertheless, it is crucial to solve these two major knowledge gaps to reveal the health risks associated with PFAA exposure. Therefore, the objectives of this proposal are (I) investigate the accumulation of PFAAs in important food items (chicken eggs and vegetables) from private gardens and the influence of soil characteristics, (II) develop a biomonitoring tool that estimates the risks associated with PFAA contamination in food, (III) deliver novel insights in the toxic properties and effects of PFAAs in chickens and (IV) investigate if PFAA concentrations in the food items exceed safety threshold values for human consumption.

Researcher(s)

• Promoter: Bervoets Lieven
• Co-promoter: Eens Marcel
• Fellow: Lasters Robin

Research team(s)

• Ecosphere

Project type(s)

• Research Project

Abstract

Aquatic ecosystems and waterbodies are under persistent stress of chemical pollutants, mainly of anthropogenic origin. High concentrations can harm entire ecosystems and be potentially toxic to humans. The European Water Framework Directive (WFD) obliges member states to monitor chemical compounds in surface waters and to set quality standards that protect against detrimental effects of toxic compounds. Generally, most of the target chemical compounds are able to be measured in water or sediment samples. However, the low water solubility of highly hydrophobic compounds precludes direct measurement in water. Accordingly, the WFD has formulated biota quality standards (BQS), for 11 priority compounds and their derivatives, which refer to concentrations of compounds that have to be monitored in fish and bivalves (biota). In the present study, bioaccumulation of hexachlorobenzene (HCBz), hexachlorobutadiene (HCBd), mercury (Hg), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDE), hexabromo-cyclododecane (HBCD), perfluoro-octaansulphonate (PFOS) and its derivatives, dicofol, heptachlor and heptachlor epoxide, and dioxins and dioxin-like compounds were measured in muscle tissue of perch (Perca fluviatilis) and European eel (Anguilla anguilla) originating from different Flemish water bodies. Fluoranthene and benzo(a)pyrene were measured in zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha) and quagga mussel (Dreissena bugensis), using active biomonitoring. In every sampling point at least one of both selected fish species could be collected. For fluoranthene an exceedance of the standard was observed in some sampling locations in zebra mussel, for benzo(a)pyrene there were some exceedances for both zebra and quagga mussel. Dioxin concentrations exceeded the standard in 4 sampling locations in eel muscle tissue. For PFOS, an exceedance of the standard was detected at almost every location for both fish species. The biota quality standard for Hg and PBDE was exceeded in every sampling location and for both fish species. One sample had PBDE concentrations below the quantification limit, which is more than 10 times higher than the BQS. Concentrations of HCBd and dicofol were below the quantification limit. Furthermore no exceedances of the standard were found for HCBz and HBCD. For heptachlor all measurements where below the quantification limits (40 times higher than the standard), cis-heptachlor epoxide exceeded the quantification limit in all except one location in eel muscle tissue and in 3 locations in perch muscle tissue. An overall trend of higher concentrations per wet weight in eel than in perch was detected. Nonetheless, after correction for lipid content, this trend was no longer present or even reversed with higher concentrations in perch muscle tissue, indicating the lipophilic properties of these compounds. This was true for all compounds – except for PFOS: in fact, this compound showed the exact opposite trend. Concentrations of PAHs were always higher in zebra mussel than in quagga mussel. This is possibly caused by the higher trophic position of the first. For both fish species, however, we could not find clear differences in trophic level. Finally, calculated concentrations using the passive samplers, compared to existing literature, show promising applicability and incites further development of this tool. Based on the results of the present study and – where possible – a comparison to data present in literature, it is evident that the existing biota quality standards for Hg, PBDE and PFOS are exceeded in all fish species from Flemish and European water bodies.

Researcher(s)

• Promoter: Bervoets Lieven

Research team(s)

• Ecosphere

Project type(s)

• Research Project

Abstract

Previously an active passive sampler for accumulation of pollutants from water was developed into a laboratory prototype. Its n°1 feature is controlled flow through the device, such that sampling is independent of hydrodynamic flow in the water body. This project will establish a field-deployable prototype. Its valorization value lies in standardization and the replacement of biota sampling.

Researcher(s)

• Promoter: Blust Ronny
• Co-promoter: Bervoets Lieven
• Co-promoter: Breugelmans Tom
• Co-promoter: Weyn Maarten

Research team(s)

Project type(s)

• Research Project

Abstract

Flanders public waste agency (OVAM) is currently working on new legislation concerning a sediment risk assessment framework for Flanders. Within this project researchers of SPHERE (UAntwerp) will contribute to different aspects of this framework.

Researcher(s)

• Promoter: Blust Ronny
• Co-promoter: Bervoets Lieven
• Co-promoter: Teuchies Johannes

Research team(s)

Project type(s)

• Research Project

Abstract

For the monitoring of pollutants in the aquatic environment and the prediction of their ecological effects on aquatic organisms, most of the time only water, sediment or suspended matter is measured. However, with this approach the results only reflect the situation at the moment of sampling while concentrations might fluctuate with time. Moreover, this approach does not take into account the bio-availability, which is influenced by factors such as acidity, water hardness and temperature and that may differ substantially among sites. Therefore it makes more sense to measure toxic compounds in organisms that are resistant to pollution and that easily accumulate them. In this way fluctuations in time and differences in accumulation are integrated in the measurement. The aim of this study is to look for species (invertebrates and fish) that can be collected from natural waters (rivers, lakes, canals) or introduced in cages and in which accumulation of micro pollutants is assessed. The accumulated levels of pollutants and internal distribution will be related to the invertebrate and fish community structure. In order to confirm field results, also laboratory and mesocosm (artificial ponds) experiments will be performed in which invertebrates are exposed to the pollutants and effects on physiology, reproduction and behavior will be assessed. In this way we will investigate if this approach is suitable to derive biota quality standards that are protective of ecological damage. -

Researcher(s)

• Promoter: Bervoets Lieven

Research team(s)

• Ecosphere

Project type(s)

• Research Project

Abstract

Plastic pollution is arguably one of the most important and pervasive environmental problems today. Kenya wildlife, biodiversity and fish stocks are impacted by this plastic pollution with ecological and human conse-quences. From September 2017 Kenya implemented the world's toughest plastic bag ban whereas producing, selling and using plastic bags is prohibited. This is a strong commitment and a big step in the right direction. However, we believe that there are opportunities to increase the impact of the ban in order to further reduce plastic pollution in Kenya, and also in surrounding countries. By monitoring macroplastic pollution in Kenya with Citizen Science using a new developed phone application we believe we can (1) increase awareness, (2) advice policy makers and (3) inform and persuade surrounding countries to implement source mitigation efforts. This project will exert an influence on both, political decisions and individual behaviour related to the reduction of plastic pollution.

Researcher(s)

• Promoter: Bervoets Lieven

Research team(s)

• Ecosphere

Project type(s)

• Research Project

Abstract

Perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) are a diverse family of anthropogenic chemicals with unique physicochemical properties that have resulted in numerous industrial and commercial applications. Their broad application and bioaccumulation potential has led to their worldwide presence in the environment and detection in biota including humans. Over the last decade, humans consuming food products from self-cultivation and local companies has become a remarkable trend in rural, urban and even industrial areas. Nevertheless, PFAAs can enter the food chain due to their widespread use and food intake has been identified as a major pathway for human exposure to PFAAs. Despite the ubiquitous presence and known toxic effects of PFAAs, there is no overview of their spatial distribution pattern or degree of exposure via dietary intake. Nevertheless, it is crucial to solve these two major knowledge gaps to reveal the health risks associated with PFAA exposure. Therefore, I will (i) develop a biomonitoring tool that estimates the risks associated with PFAA contamination in food, (ii) clarify the spatial distribution pattern of PFAAs and (iii) deliver novel insights in the toxic properties and effects of PFAAs. My research outcome will significantly improve the monitoring capabilities of regulatory agencies while the outcome of the studied PFAA effects will be of great relevance for the poultry industry, especially companies located within proximity of PFAA producing and processing industry.

Researcher(s)

• Promoter: Bervoets Lieven
• Co-promoter: Eens Marcel
• Fellow: Lasters Robin

Research team(s)

Project type(s)

• Research Project

Abstract

The requested infrastructure (comprehensive liquid chromatograph-ion mobility-quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometer LCxLC-IM-QTOFMS) combines several state-of-the-art technologies into one platform which aims at bringing metabolomics research to the next level. As such, the infrastructure will deliver a combined five-dimension separation and detection technology, the first of its kind in Belgium. This instrument will be dedicated to metabolomics research, the science of endogenous metabolites in cells, tissues or organisms. The infrastructure will be able to optimally separate, detect and identify the very broad and complex chemical space of metabolites ranging from very polar (e.g. amino acids) to non-polar (e.g. lipids and hormones) at low nanomolar concentration range. Within UA, there is a growing need to combine the currently scattered efforts in metabolomics, an Emerging Frontline Research Domain in the UA research scene. Research ranges from drug discovery (mode of action and pharmacokinetic profiling), biomarker and toxicity studies to advanced data-analysis and systems biology approaches, but a dedicated metabolomics infrastructure to strengthen these studies is currently missing. As such, the investment in a core facility together with the gathering of nine research groups from five departments and two faculties would centralize the metabolomics research. This will position UA as a key player in the academic metabolomics research in the BeNeLux and worldwide.

Researcher(s)

• Promoter: Covaci Adrian
• Co-promoter: Augustyns Koen
• Co-promoter: Baggerman Geert
• Co-promoter: Bervoets Lieven
• Co-promoter: De Meester Ingrid
• Co-promoter: De Meyer Guido
• Co-promoter: Hermans Nina
• Co-promoter: Laukens Kris
• Co-promoter: Lemière Filip
• Co-promoter: Maes Louis
• Co-promoter: van Nuijs Alexander

Research team(s)

• Toxicological Centre

Project type(s)

• Research Project

Abstract

As part of the further development of its sediment policy, OVAM has set up various actions. Work is continuing on a standard procedure and a code of good practice for sediment research, a system for risk assessment for water beds and shores, a study 'Validation hotspots' has started, and a number of descriptive sediment studies for surface waters are being carried out. Sphere offers the expertise that can support OVAM and the appointed soil remediation experts and more specifically for the development of a system for risk assessments

Researcher(s)

• Promoter: Bervoets Lieven
• Co-promoter: Blust Ronny
• Co-promoter: Teuchies Johannes

Research team(s)

Project type(s)

• Research Project

Abstract

Perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) are substances which have been produced for more than five decades. Their unique properties of repelling both water and oil, make them suitable for many industrial and consumer applications such as water and dirt repellents for cloths and carpets, active components in firefighting foams or precursors in Teflon® production. Its extended use, together with their high persistence, resulted in a global contamination of the environment, wildlife and even humans. This ubiquity contrasts sharply with the limited information about their effects on organisms. With this study I will contribute to finding answers to fill some of the most important knowledge gaps in the toxicity mechanisms of these compounds. For this purpose, I will use two model bird species: great tits (Parus major) and canaries (Serinus canaria). Firstly, I will study the PFAAs exposure levels and the fitness consequences in free-living great tits along a PFAAs gradient from a fluorichemical plant in Antwerp, Belgium. Secondly, I will reproduce the exposure levels in captive canaries in order to replicate the results, found in the field, in a more controlled environment. The studied biomarkers will cover several levels of biological organization, from molecular to individual responses. As a result of my study, the PFAAs toxicity mechanisms will be better understood and their impact at an individual and population level can be more accurately forecasted.

Researcher(s)

• Promoter: Eens Marcel
• Co-promoter: Bervoets Lieven
• Fellow: Lopez Antia Ana

Research team(s)

• Behavioural Ecology & Ecophysiology

Project type(s)

• Research Project

Abstract

In order to derive scientifically based environmental quality standard (EQS) for sulphates in fresh water ecosystems sufficient data should be available. The 'European Union Technical Guidance Document for Deriving Environmental Quality Standards (EU-TGD, 2011)' provides different methods to derive EQS. Preferentially chronic ecotoxicological data should be used (NOEC, No Observed Effect Concentrations) in combination with species sensitivity distributions (SSD). Based on these data a HC5 (Hazard Concentration 5%) can be derived, which is a concentration that is considered to be protective for 95% of all the species included in the SSD. According to t e guidelines minimal 15 species belonging to at least 8 different taxonomic groups should be included. Based on a first screening of all available data it has been noted that not all taxonomic groups are represented so far (especially insects are lacking). In this study the existing literature on sulphate toxicity on fresh water organisms will screened in detail and in addition chronic toxicity tests on insect larvae will be performed in order to gain more information that can be used for the derivation of a safe EQS.

Researcher(s)

• Promoter: Blust Ronny
• Co-promoter: Bervoets Lieven
• Co-promoter: Teuchies Johannes

Research team(s)

Project type(s)

• Research Project

Abstract

This project delivers better assessment, better treatment and better prevention of contamination in pilot NSR waterways by the new EU 'Watch List' (WL) chemicals, emerging drugs, and nutrients, which are not subject to EU monitoring laws until 2020, but are building up in sediments in these waterways. Regulatory authorities do not know their levels, locations or impacts. Nor do they have the tools to assess sediments and make management decisions with regard to such chemicals. Through Work Package (WP) 3 - Sediment Assessment, this project will provide the tools for sediment assessment in order to enable better risk assessment and reduce economic costs. In WP4 - Clean-Up, this project will pilot innovative spore technology to remove selected WL chemicals at waste-water treatment plants (WWTPs) in order to bring about a reduction in their levels. Including an end-of-waste assessment approach, using WP3 and WP4-delivered data, will also promote future sediment re-use. One way that WL chemicals enter our waterways is through consumer use of everyday products. Through WP5 - Changing Behaviour, this project will target citizen behaviour to reduce the levels of specific WL chemicals arriving at WWTPs in pilot catchments. This project will therefore provide and validate new tools to assess, treat and prevent WL chemical contamination of the NSR waterways by bringing together scientific experts and regulators in a transnational partnership to address what is a transnational problem.

Researcher(s)

• Promoter: Bervoets Lieven

Research team(s)

Project type(s)

• Research Project

Abstract

Aquatic ecosystems and waterbodies are under persistent stress of chemical pollutants, mainly of anthropogenic origin. High concentrations can harm entire ecosystems and be potentially toxic to humans. The European Water Framework Directive (WFD) obliges member states to monitor chemical compounds in surface waters and to set quality standards that protect against detrimental effects of toxic compounds. Generally, most of the target chemical compounds are able to be measured in water or sediment samples. However, the low water solubility of highly hydrophobic compounds precludes direct measurement in water. Accordingly, the WFD has formulated biota quality standards (BQS), for 11 priority compounds and their derivatives, which refer to concentrations of compounds that have to be monitored in fish and bivalves (biota). In the present study, bioaccumulation of hexachlorobenzene (HCBz), hexachlorobutadiene (HCBd), mercury (Hg), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDE), hexabromo-cyclododecane (HBCD), perfluoro-octaansulphonate (PFOS) and its derivatives, dicofol, heptachlor and heptachlor epoxide, and dioxins and dioxin-like compounds were measured in muscle tissue of perch (Perca fluviatilis) and European eel (Anguilla anguilla) originating from different Flemish water bodies. Fluoranthene and benzo(a)pyrene were measured in zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha) and quagga mussel (Dreissena bugensis), using active biomonitoring. In every sampling point at least one of both selected fish species could be collected. For fluoranthene an exceedance of the standard was observed in some sampling locations in zebra mussel, for benzo(a)pyrene there were some exceedances for both zebra and quagga mussel. Dioxin concentrations exceeded the standard in 4 sampling locations in eel muscle tissue. For PFOS, an exceedance of the standard was detected at almost every location for both fish species. The biota quality standard for Hg and PBDE was exceeded in every sampling location and for both fish species. One sample had PBDE concentrations below the quantification limit, which is more than 10 times higher than the BQS. Concentrations of HCBd and dicofol were below the quantification limit. Furthermore no exceedances of the standard were found for HCBz and HBCD. For heptachlor all measurements where below the quantification limits (40 times higher than the standard), cis-heptachlor epoxide exceeded the quantification limit in all except one location in eel muscle tissue and in 3 locations in perch muscle tissue. An overall trend of higher concentrations per wet weight in eel than in perch was detected. Nonetheless, after correction for lipid content, this trend was no longer present or even reversed with higher concentrations in perch muscle tissue, indicating the lipophilic properties of these compounds. This was true for all compounds – except for PFOS: in fact, this compound showed the exact opposite trend. Concentrations of PAHs were always higher in zebra mussel than in quagga mussel. This is possibly caused by the higher trophic position of the first. For both fish species, however, we could not find clear differences in trophic level. Finally, calculated concentrations using the passive samplers, compared to existing literature, show promising applicability and incites further development of this tool. Based on the results of the present study and – where possible – a comparison to data present in literature, it is evident that the existing biota quality standards for Hg, PBDE and PFOS are exceeded in all fish species from Flemish and European water bodies.

Researcher(s)

• Promoter: Bervoets Lieven

Research team(s)

Project type(s)

• Research Project

Abstract

Plastic pollution of the aquatic environment is one of the major environmental issues of our times: the World's plastic consumption is ever increasing, and, due to poor waste management, most of this endless stream of plastic enters the waterways, ultimately reaching the seas and oceans. Marine litter is a very visible issue, but there is more than meets the eye: in fact, plastic items in the aquatic environment undergo a process of degradation, due to biotic and abiotic agents, originating millions of tiny fragments – microplastics. These microplastics have been shown to accumulate inside biota, and to adsorb persistent pollutants present in the water, potentially transferring them to the organisms ingesting the microplastics. Substituting traditional with biodegradable plastics (particularly in single-use applications) has been proposed as a solution to the plastic pollution problem. But is this a good idea for the marine environment? This study proposes an experimental plan aiming to answer this question, by comparing the performance in three main areas of two biodegradable polymers, polylactic acid (PLA) and polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA), to the oil-based polyethylene (PE). The comparison focuses on: degradation in the marine environment and microplastic formation; persistent pollutant adsorption on microplastics; and toxicity on two important marine species (the mussel, M. edulis, and sea bass, D. labrax) of both microplastics and microplastics contaminated with pollutants.

Researcher(s)

• Promoter: Blust Ronny
• Co-promoter: Bervoets Lieven
• Fellow: Catarci Carteny Camilla

Research team(s)

Project type(s)

• Research Project

Abstract

This project is part of a bigger project in which the effectiveness of the sanitation of the Winterbeek will be evaluated. The WInterbeek is small trubutary of the Scheldt basin and has been contaminated for several decades with metals. The Flemish Government decided to dredge the contaminated sediment in four different stages, starting in spring 2017. In order to assess the effectiveness of the sanitation metal levels will be assessed before, during and after the sanitation. In addition community structure of macro-invertebrates and fish will be assessed. This project is phase 1 in which the situation before the sanitation will be avaluated. Metals are measured in resident invertebrates and fish and in caged mussels. In addition the fish index and biological water quality is assessed.

Researcher(s)

• Promoter: Bervoets Lieven
• Co-promoter: Teuchies Johannes

Research team(s)

Project type(s)

• Research Project

Abstract

Metals are posing a worldwide threat to aquatic ecosystems. In the natural environment trace metals most often occur in different mixtures, in which metals can strongly interfere with each other, producing antagonistic, synergistic or additional toxic effects. Besides the presence of pollutants also natural stressors such as fluctuating temperature, food shortages and predators are present that might negatively affect organisms and alter metal bioavailability. Current environmental quality standards (EQS) however are mainly based on laboratory tests under strictly controlled conditions in which test organisms are exposed to single compounds for a limited period of time. Moreover, in the setting of environmental standards more sensitive endpoints such as behavior have never been used. As a result the current EQS for metals might result in under- or in overprotecting the environment. The aim of this study is to investigate the combined effects of metal mixtures and the natural stressors temperature, food and predation pressure on the behavior of three aquatic invertebrates. This behavior will be compared to classical endpoints, e.g. reproduction and growth. In addition effects on a whole aquatic community will be assessed in artificial streams and ponds. Combining metal mixtures with predator stress and assessing the effects of this combination on different levels of biological organization is highly innovative and will contribute to the development of ecological relevant EQS.

Researcher(s)

• Promoter: Bervoets Lieven
• Co-promoter: Blust Ronny
• Fellow: Van Ginneken Marjolein

Research team(s)

Project type(s)

• Research Project

Abstract

Perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) are substances which have been produced for more than five decades. Their unique properties of repelling both water and oil, make them suitable for many industrial and consumer applications such as water and dirt repellents for cloths and carpets, active components in firefighting foams or precursors in Teflon® production. Its extended use, together with their high persistence, resulted in a global contamination of the environment, wildlife and even humans. This ubiquity contrasts sharply with the limited information about their effects on organisms. With this study I will contribute to finding answers to fill some of the most important knowledge gaps in the toxicity mechanisms of these compounds. For this purpose, I will use two model bird species; great tits (Parus major) and canaries (Serinus canaria). Firstly, I will study the PFAAs exposure levels and the fitness consequences in free-living great tits along a PFAAs gradient from a fluorichemical plant in Antwerp, Belgium. Secondly, I will reproduce the exposure levels in captive canaries in order to replicate the results, found in the field, in a more controlled environment. The studied biomarkers will cover several levels of biological organization; from cellular to population response. As a result of the study, the PFAAs toxicity mechanisms will be better understood and their impact at an individual and population level can be more accurately forecast.

Researcher(s)

• Promoter: Eens Marcel
• Co-promoter: Bervoets Lieven
• Fellow: Lopez Antia Ana

Research team(s)

• Behavioural Ecology & Ecophysiology

Project type(s)

• Research Project

Abstract

The aquatic environment is continuously challenged by anthropogenic stressors of which exposure to mixtures of chemicals is one of the most important. In most cases the resulting environmental impact is caused by a combination of natural and anthropogenic stressors with very different modes of action. In this project we explore the importance and nature of these interactions on three model species and a mesocosm scale simulated ecosystem.

Researcher(s)

• Promoter: Blust Ronny
• Co-promoter: Bervoets Lieven
• Co-promoter: De Boeck Gudrun

Research team(s)

Project type(s)

• Research Project

Abstract

The project aims to develop an active passive water sampler for inorganic and organic pollutants. The apparatus allows the time integrated monitoring of surface waters and waste streams. A controlled water flux is directed across an array of sorbents which accumulate different classes of pollutants. The operational and kinetic characteristics of the sampler will be determined experimentally and the results compared with biota in lab and field conditions.

Researcher(s)

• Promoter: Blust Ronny
• Co-promoter: Bervoets Lieven
• Co-promoter: Breugelmans Tom
• Co-promoter: Weyn Maarten

Research team(s)

Project type(s)

• Research Project

Abstract

This project represents a formal research agreement between UA and on the other hand the VMM. UA provides the VMM research results mentioned in the title of the project under the conditions as stipulated in this contract.

Researcher(s)

• Promoter: Blust Ronny
• Co-promoter: Bervoets Lieven

Research team(s)

Project type(s)

• Research Project

Abstract

This project represents a formal research agreement between UA and on the other hand VLIR. UA provides VLIR research results mentioned in the title of the project under the conditions as stipulated in this contract.

Researcher(s)

• Promoter: Van geertruyden Jean-Pierre
• Co-promoter: Bastiaens Hilde
• Co-promoter: Bervoets Lieven
• Co-promoter: Bogers John-Paul

Research team(s)

• Global Health Institute (GHI)

Project type(s)

• Research Project

Abstract

This project represents a research contract awarded by the University of Antwerp. The supervisor provides the Antwerp University research mentioned in the title of the project under the conditions stipulated by the university.

Researcher(s)

• Promoter: Blust Ronny
• Co-promoter: Bervoets Lieven
• Co-promoter: Covaci Adrian
• Co-promoter: Eens Marcel

Research team(s)

Project type(s)

• Research Project

Abstract

A group of environmental chemicals that has received increasing attention the last two decades are the Perfluoralkyl Substances or PFAAs. Since the 1950s, PFAAs have been used in high quantities because of their excellent surfactant behaviour in applications such as carpet coatings and food packaging. Their broad application and bioaccumulation potential has led to their worldwide detection in biota. Few studies, however, have investigated the effects of PFAAs on terrestrial wild organisms at environmentally realistic concentrations. The general objective of this proposal is to investigate the accumulation and effects of the most prevalent PFAAs in terrestrial organisms, including soil invertebrates and songbirds. Sampling sites will be established along a pollution gradient in the neighbourhood of a fluorochemical plant. Levels of PFAAs will be measured in soil, rain water, soil invertebrates and in songbirds. Besides accumulation, effects will also be assessed on the biota in an integrated way. We will look at physiological, reproductive and behavioural responses. This will be combined with laboratory experiments enabling us to disentangle causal links from confounding effects between PFAAs exposure and effects. In the laboratory invertebrates and songbirds will be exposed to a selection of PFAAs based on the results of the field study. The same endpoints as in the field will be assessed. This study will help policy makers to set environmental quality standards (EQS).

Researcher(s)

• Promoter: Bervoets Lieven
• Co-promoter: Eens Marcel

Research team(s)

Project type(s)

• Research Project

Abstract

Metals are posing a worldwide threat to aquatic ecosystems. In the natural environment trace metals most often occur in different mixtures, in which metals can strongly interfere with each other, producing antagonistic, synergistic or additional toxic effects. Besides the presence of pollutants also natural stressors such as fluctuating temperature, food shortages and predators are present that might negatively affect organisms and alter metal bioavailability. Current environmental quality standards (EQS) however are mainly based on laboratory tests under strictly controlled conditions in which test organisms are exposed to single compounds for a limited period of time. Moreover, in the setting of environmental standards more sensitive endpoints such as behavior have never been used. As a result the current EQS for metals might result in under- or in overprotecting the environment. The aim of this study is to investigate the combined effects of metal mixtures and the natural stressors temperature, food and predation pressure on the behavior of three aquatic invertebrates. This behavior will be compared to classical endpoints, e.g. reproduction and growth. In addition effects on a whole aquatic community will be assessed in artificial streams and ponds. Combining metal mixtures with predator stress and assessing the effects of this combination on different levels of biological organization is highly innovative and will contribute to the development of ecological relevant EQS

Researcher(s)

• Promoter: Bervoets Lieven
• Co-promoter: De Jonge Maarten
• Fellow: Van Ginneken Marjolein

Research team(s)

Project type(s)

• Research Project

Abstract

This project represents a formal research agreement between UA and on the other hand VLIR. UA provides VLIR research results mentioned in the title of the project under the conditions as stipulated in this contract.

Researcher(s)

• Promoter: Blust Ronny
• Co-promoter: Bervoets Lieven

Research team(s)

Project type(s)

• Research Project

Abstract

The innovative aspect of our study is that we will perform environmentally relevant exposures under similar conditions (°T, test organisms, duration, mixture of pollutants) at three scales of exposure: in the laboratory, in semi-controlled mesocosms, and in in-situ exposures in the field. This will allow us to compare and connect the data obtained, despite the increasing complexity of confounding factors, and lead to a set of trustworthy biomarkers with ecological relevance.

Researcher(s)

• Promoter: De Boeck Gudrun
• Co-promoter: Bervoets Lieven
• Fellow: Moyson Sofie

Research team(s)

Project type(s)

• Research Project

Abstract

This project represents a formal research agreement between UA and on the other hand the VMM. UA provides the VMM research results mentioned in the title of the project under the conditions as stipulated in this contract.

Researcher(s)

• Promoter: Blust Ronny
• Co-promoter: Bervoets Lieven

Research team(s)

Project type(s)

• Research Project

Abstract

This project represents a formal research agreement between UA and on the other hand Brussels Hoofdstedelijk Gewest. UA provides Brussels Hoofdstedelijk Gewest research results mentioned in the title of the project under the conditions as stipulated in this contract.

Researcher(s)

• Promoter: Bervoets Lieven

Research team(s)

Project type(s)

• Research Project

Abstract

The overall objectives of this study are (1) to assess the effect of climate on the fate of POPs and Hg in aquatic ecosystems, (2) to investigate food web magnification of Hg and POPs in a temperate, subtropical and tropical freshwater aquatic system and (3) to compare accumulation levels of Hg and POPs in organisms of the same trophic level from 3 distinct climatic regions.

Researcher(s)

• Promoter: Bervoets Lieven

Research team(s)

Project type(s)

• Research Project

Abstract

This project represents a formal research agreement between UA and on the other hand the Flemish Public Service. UA provides the Flemish Public Service research results mentioned in the title of the project under the conditions as stipulated in this contract.

Researcher(s)

• Promoter: Blust Ronny
• Co-promoter: Bervoets Lieven
• Co-promoter: De Boeck Gudrun
• Co-promoter: Meire Patrick
• Co-promoter: Temmerman Stijn

Research team(s)

Project type(s)

• Research Project

Abstract

This project represents a formal research agreement between UA and on the other hand the VMM. UA provides the VMM research results mentioned in the title of the project under the conditions as stipulated in this contract.

Researcher(s)

• Promoter: Blust Ronny
• Co-promoter: Bervoets Lieven

Research team(s)

Project type(s)

• Research Project

Abstract

The main objective of the project is to investigate the effect of sediment-bound metals to the macroinvertebrate community composition, this in relation to metal exposure and accumulation. With this special attention is given to the presence of different metal binding sediment characteristics (o.a. Acid Volatile Sulfides, organic matter, iron- and manganese oxides,...), metal speciation and differences in species sensitivity and general ecology. Finally the obtained information will be used to find certain invertebrate species, which on the one hand can be used as a measurement for metal bioavailability in the aquatic ecosystem and on the other hand can serve as a predictor for the effects of metals on other, more sensitive organisms.

Researcher(s)

• Promoter: Bervoets Lieven
• Fellow: De Jonge Maarten

Research team(s)

Project type(s)

• Research Project

Abstract

L'objectif global de l'etude concernée par le présent cahier des charges est de définir les circonstances selon lesquelles il peut raisonnablement être considéré qu'une antenne n'est pas susceptible d'affecter de manière significative un site Natura 2000 en région bruxelloise.

Researcher(s)

• Promoter: Blust Ronny
• Co-promoter: Bervoets Lieven

Research team(s)

Project type(s)

• Research Project

Abstract

This project represents a formal service agreement between UA and on the other hand UGent. UA provides UGent research results mentioned in the title of the project under the conditions as stipulated in this contract.

Researcher(s)

• Promoter: Bervoets Lieven

Research team(s)

Project type(s)

• Research Project

Abstract

The central aim of the proposed research project is the development of microarray derived molecular biomarkers for micro pollutants in the common carp (Cyprinus carpio) and validation of the selected set of biomarker genes under complex environmental relevant conditions. In order to be valuable in environmental risk evaluation the biomarker gene set has to meet several criteria.

Researcher(s)

• Promoter: Bervoets Lieven
• Co-promoter: Covaci Adrian
• Co-promoter: Jorens Philippe
• Co-promoter: Knapen Dries
• Co-promoter: Van der Ven Karlijn

Research team(s)

Project type(s)

• Research Project

Abstract

During this study, the effects of metals on horses and cows will be determined together with their metal accumulation and detoxification capacity. The relation between internal metal concentrations in liver, kidney, muscle and lung and non-destructive tissues (blood, hair and feces) will be measured. Different biomarkers in blood and organs will also be measured.

Researcher(s)

• Promoter: Bervoets Lieven
• Fellow: Roggeman Saskia

Research team(s)

Project type(s)

• Research Project

Abstract

Researcher(s)

• Promoter: Bervoets Lieven

Research team(s)

Project type(s)

• Research Project

Abstract

This project represents a formal service agreement between the parties Universiteit Antwerpen and INBO. UAntwerpen provides INBO research results on "Bepaling PFOS, PFOA en PFNA in paling - 60 stalen" under the conditions as stipulated in the present contract.

Researcher(s)

• Promoter: Bervoets Lieven

Research team(s)

Project type(s)

• Research Project

Abstract

As a transition zone between land and sea, estuaries accommodate specific and valuable ecosystems and often act as a filter for the load of nutrients and pollutants increased by human activities. Intertidal areas play a key role in these functions. The area of natural tidal wetlands can be extended by bringing the planned controlled flooding areas under influence of the tide. Within the pilot project of the controlled inundation area with controlled reduced tide (CRT) Lippenbroek and mesocosm experiment in Kruibeke it is the aim to have a clear view on the effect of the present metal contamination of the areas fringing the river Scheldt. The main interest will be metal bioavailability and the interaction with biota. We will investigate the total metal cycle in plants from uptake to decomposition. The biogeochemical cycle of metals will be compared between the CRT, embarked areas and natural tidal marshes.

Researcher(s)

• Promoter: Meire Patrick
• Co-promoter: Bervoets Lieven
• Co-promoter: de Deckere Eric
• Fellow: Teuchies Johannes

Research team(s)

Project type(s)

• Research Project

Abstract

The aims of the present project are to assess the origin of PFCs in our diet and the diet's contribution to the total human exposure to PFCs. To that end the project will develop robust and reliable analytical tools for the determination of PFCs, and use these to (i) qualify and quantify PFCs in our diet; (ii) understand how PFCs are transferred from the environment into dietary items, and (iii) quantify the possible contribution of food/beverage contact materials and food and water processing to the overall PFC levels in our diet. The newly gained knowledge will enable us to evaluate the possible routes, including their relative importance, of human exposure to PFCs via our diet, to assess the role of the technosphere in the contamination of our food, and to identify ways to reduce the PFC contamination of dietary articles.

Researcher(s)

• Promoter: Bervoets Lieven
• Promoter: De Coen Wim
• Co-promoter: Bervoets Lieven

Research team(s)

Project type(s)

• Research Project

Abstract

The main objective of this study is to combine / centralization and reporting of existing data (water-and water soil quality, fish populations, bioaccumulation) in an information system linked to GIS so as to come to a clear report of all research carried out before and after rehabilitation work of the Dommel.

Researcher(s)

• Promoter: Bervoets Lieven

Research team(s)

Project type(s)

• Research Project

Abstract

The central objective of this project is to evaluate to what extent biomarkers can be used to predict pollutant effects at the community level, with special attention for the interaction with predator stress and competition. Focus will be on studying the pesticide endosulfan, worldwide one of the most commonly used insecticides. Model organisms will be three aquatic insect groups: midge larvae (Chironomidae), water boatmen (Corixidae) and damselflies (Coenagrionidae).

Researcher(s)

• Promoter: Bervoets Lieven
• Co-promoter: De Coen Wim
• Co-promoter: Van Gossum Hans

Research team(s)

Project type(s)

• Research Project

Abstract

The fundamental aim of this project is to develop and to validate a mathematical model to transform concentrations of the most prescribed and used pharmaceuticals and their metabolites of which the use is known (RIZIV) in waste water in an amount of used pharmaceuticals in Belgium (measured vs. predicted environmental concentrations).

Researcher(s)

• Promoter: Jorens Philippe
• Co-promoter: Bervoets Lieven
• Co-promoter: Blust Ronny
• Co-promoter: Covaci Adrian
• Co-promoter: Neels Hugo

Research team(s)

• Laboratory Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics (LEMP)

Project type(s)

• Research Project

Abstract

The main objective of the project is to investigate the effect of sediment-bound metals to the macroinvertebrate community composition, this in relation to metal exposure and accumulation. With this special attention is given to the presence of different metal binding sediment characteristics (o.a. Acid Volatile Sulfides, organic matter, iron- and manganese oxides,...), metal speciation and differences in species sensitivity and general ecology. Finally the obtained information will be used to find certain invertebrate species, which on the one hand can be used as a measurement for metal bioavailability in the aquatic ecosystem and on the other hand can serve as a predictor for the effects of metals on other, more sensitive organisms.

Researcher(s)

• Promoter: Bervoets Lieven
• Fellow: De Jonge Maarten

Research team(s)

Project type(s)

• Research Project

Abstract

During this study, the effects of metals on horses and cows will be determined together with their metal accumulation and detoxification capacity. The relation between internal metal concentrations in liver, kidney, muscle and lung and non-destructive tissues (blood, hair and feces) will be measured. Different biomarkers in blood and organs will also be measured

Researcher(s)

• Promoter: Bervoets Lieven
• Fellow: Roggeman Saskia

Research team(s)

Project type(s)

• Research Project

Abstract

The central aim of this project is to investigate the effects of micro contaminants on larvae of damselflies. Since these larvae are both prey and predator the play an important roe in fresh water ecosystems. Their presence, behavior, and sensitivity make them ideal model organisms in ecotoxicological research. More specifically the effect of micro pollutants on the behavior will be studied.

Researcher(s)

• Promoter: Bervoets Lieven
• Fellow: Baets Jorina

Research team(s)

Project type(s)

• Research Project

Abstract

As a transition zone between land and sea, estuaries accommodate specific and valuable ecosystems and often act as a filter for the load of nutrients and pollutants increased by human activities. Intertidal areas play a key role in these functions. The area of natural tidal wetlands can be extended by bringing the planned controlled flooding areas under influence of the tide. Within the pilot project of the controlled inundation area with controlled reduced tide (CRT) Lippenbroek and mesocosm experiment in Kruibeke it is the aim to have a clear view on the effect of the present metal contamination of the areas fringing the river Scheldt. The main interest will be metal bioavailability and the interaction with biota. We will investigate the total metal cycle in plants from uptake to decomposition. The biogeochemical cycle of metals will be compared between the CRT, embarked areas and natural tidal marshes.

Researcher(s)

• Promoter: Meire Patrick
• Co-promoter: Bervoets Lieven
• Co-promoter: de Deckere Eric
• Fellow: Teuchies Johannes

Research team(s)

Project type(s)

• Research Project

Abstract

This project represents a formal research agreement between UA and on the other hand the Federal Public Service. UA provides the Federal Public Service research results mentioned in the title of the project under the conditions as stipulated in this contract.

Researcher(s)

• Promoter: Bervoets Lieven
• Promoter: De Coen Wim
• Co-promoter: Bols Peter
• Co-promoter: Lemière Filip
• Co-promoter: Maes Bert
• Co-promoter: Robbens Johan

Research team(s)

Project type(s)

• Research Project

Abstract

The Biological water quality in Flanders is assessed applying the Belgian Biotic Index (BBI). The aim of this proposal is the development of a biodiversity chip (DNA-array) for the identification of benthic macro invertebrate communities. We will start with the characterization of some key taxa of the BBI. With the biodiversity chip it will possible to assess the water quality in a correct and faster way compared to the classical identification of the BBI.

Researcher(s)

• Promoter: Bervoets Lieven
• Co-promoter: Knapen Dries
• Co-promoter: Van der Ven Karlijn

Research team(s)

Project type(s)

• Research Project

Abstract

Researcher(s)

• Promoter: Neels Hugo
• Co-promoter: Bervoets Lieven
• Co-promoter: Blust Ronny
• Co-promoter: Covaci Adrian
• Co-promoter: Jorens Philippe

Research team(s)

• Toxicological Centre

Project type(s)

• Research Project

Abstract

Researcher(s)

• Promoter: De Coen Wim
• Co-promoter: Bervoets Lieven
• Co-promoter: Covaci Adrian

Research team(s)

Project type(s)

• Research Project

Abstract

Part of the wind dunes in the Flemish Campines are polluted with heavy metals. Due to the open character of these wind dunes the wind can blow freely and sand particles can thus be spread over long distances. This might be a means of transport of heavy metals. Another possible way for the heavy metals to spread from the wind dunes is through the groundwater. As these wind dunes act as infiltration areas the heavy metals can be transported away from the top soil layer with the infiltrating rainwater to surface elsewhere with the groundwater. The aim of this research is to get an insight in the amount of heavy metals that are spread from wind dunes through wind or groundwater. Therefore we will choose several bare and overgrown dunes in the study area BeNeKempen, here soil and water samples will be analysed. The selection of the sampling points will be able to tell us more about the spreading of heavy metals from wind dunes. The results shall be used to make a manual for the managers of the concerned areas. Possible measures will be proposed, such as the planting on wind dunes.

Researcher(s)

• Promoter: Bervoets Lieven
• Co-promoter: Meire Patrick

Research team(s)

Project type(s)

• Research Project

Abstract

The aim of this project is to evaluate the effect of heavy metals on the health and the condition of cattle that are used for the managment of nature reserves situated in a heavy metal contaminated regio. Recomendations will be made to minimize or reduce the health risks of animals used in the contaminated reserves. Further the juridicial problems with transbondary nature managment applying grazers will be investigated.

Researcher(s)

• Promoter: Bervoets Lieven
• Co-promoter: De Coen Wim

Research team(s)

Project type(s)

• Research Project

Abstract

In this project the present impact of the Cd and Zn contamination on aquatic communities in the river Dommel will be assessed. This evaluation will serve as a reference situation before the sanitation of the sediment. At 8 sites along the polution gradient aquatic communities wil be invetarised; i.e. the diatom communities, macro invertebrates and fish. Also the bioavailability of the metals will be assessed by measuring the metal content in local organisms (invertebrates, aquatic plants and fish) and in transplanted zebra mussels.

Researcher(s)

• Promoter: Bervoets Lieven

Research team(s)

Project type(s)

• Research Project

Abstract

The research will focus on two aspects of environmental toxicology : 1) Research on the bioavailability and accumulation of micro-pollutants by both aquatic and terrestrial organisms. Models that are able to predict accumulation of pollutants in organisms present in their natural environment will be constructed. 2) In the second part relationships will be studied between acuumulated levels (internal concentrations and internal distribution) and effects at different levels of biological organisation, with special attention to the effects at the community and ecosystem level.

Researcher(s)

• Promoter: Bervoets Lieven
• Fellow: Bervoets Lieven

Research team(s)

Project type(s)

• Research Project

Abstract

In this study a critical review is given of two documents composed by the metal Industry. In both documents the AVS/SEM concept is promoted as a valuable tool for the assessment of bioavailability of cadmium from sediments. In our study it was concluded that at the moment to many uncertainties exist in order to implement the AVS/SEM concept in a risc assessment. Additional resaerch is required in order to validate the concept under realistic field conditions.

Researcher(s)

• Promoter: Bervoets Lieven

Research team(s)

Project type(s)

• Research Project

Abstract

Researcher(s)

• Promoter: De Coen Wim
• Co-promoter: Bervoets Lieven

Research team(s)

Project type(s)

• Research Project

Abstract

Researcher(s)

• Promoter: Bervoets Lieven

Research team(s)

Project type(s)

• Research Project

Abstract

Researcher(s)

• Promoter: Blust Ronny
• Fellow: Bervoets Lieven

Research team(s)

Project type(s)

• Research Project

Abstract

Researcher(s)

• Promoter: Bervoets Lieven
• Co-promoter: Blust Ronny

Research team(s)

Project type(s)

• Research Project

Abstract

Researcher(s)

• Promoter: Bervoets Lieven

Research team(s)

Project type(s)

• Research Project

Abstract

Researcher(s)

• Promoter: Blust Ronny
• Co-promoter: Bervoets Lieven

Research team(s)

Project type(s)

• Research Project

Abstract

Researcher(s)

• Promoter: Blust Ronny
• Fellow: Bervoets Lieven

Research team(s)

Project type(s)

• Research Project

Abstract

The central goal of this project is to determine the effect of metal pollution on fish stocks in (potentially) ecologically valuable streams. To accomplish this, the distribution of metals in different compartments of the ecosystem will be described for two selected study areas. For one species, gudgeon (Gobio gobio), the relative importance of different means of exposure for mixtures of metals (water, food, sediment) will be determined under field as well as laboratory conditions.

Researcher(s)

• Promoter: Bervoets Lieven

Research team(s)

Project type(s)

• Research Project

Abstract

In recent years, bird feathers have been used as an indicator tissue ofmetal exposure in birds. Bird feathers are ideal for assessment of heavy metals because they accumulate certain heavy metals in proportion to blood levels at the time offeather formation. Studying the effect of heavy metals on terfestrial songbirds by integrating reproductive, endocrinological, immunological and behavioural parameters is innovating

Researcher(s)

• Promoter: Bervoets Lieven
• Co-promoter: Blust Ronny

Research team(s)

Project type(s)

• Research Project

Abstract

Researcher(s)

• Promoter: Blust Ronny
• Fellow: Bervoets Lieven

Research team(s)

Project type(s)

• Research Project

Abstract

Uptake and accumulation of metals is influenced by several factors. Besides chemical speciation and changing environmental conditions, metal uptake is affected by interactions of different metal ions present in the environment. The nature of these interactions will be studied by following the accumulation of the separate metals by midge larve, both in presence and absence of other metal ions and by using channel blockers.

Researcher(s)

• Promoter: Bervoets Lieven
• Co-promoter: Blust Ronny

Research team(s)

Project type(s)

• Research Project

Abstract

The aim of this project is to study the contribution of different exposure routes, i.e. particulate matter, pore water and overlying water, on the uptake and bioaccumulation of cadmium and copper by larvae of the midge C. riparius. This research is part of a bigger project in which the effect of organic complexation on metal bioavailability is studied. Uptake is followed in freshwater organisms of different structural and functional levels (e.g. waterflea, midge larvae and carp.

Researcher(s)

• Promoter: Bervoets Lieven

Research team(s)

Project type(s)

• Research Project

Abstract

Metallothioneins (MT) are induced after exposure to trace metals. These proteins play an important role in the detoxification of metals, among others Cu, Zn, Cd and Hg. In the first part of the project different methods for the quantitative assessment of MTs in some aquatic organisms will be compared. In the second part of the project the induction of MTs is studied in different exposure situations. Simultaneously metal concentration will be measured in the tissues.

Researcher(s)

• Promoter: Bervoets Lieven
• Co-promoter: Blust Ronny

Research team(s)

Project type(s)

• Research Project

Abstract

Researcher(s)

• Promoter: Blust Ronny
• Fellow: Bervoets Lieven

Research team(s)

Project type(s)

• Research Project

Abstract

Researcher(s)

• Promoter: Bervoets Lieven

Research team(s)

Project type(s)

• Research Project