Learning outcomes

The objectives of the bachelor’s and master’s programme of medicine are based on the CanMEDS roles (medical expert, communicator, collaborator, manager, health advocate, scholar and professional) and are described by role below using competences. The difference in competence at bachelor and master level is based on the levels in Miller’s pyramid:
Level 1: Knows
Level 2: Knows how
Level 3: Shows how
Level 4: Does

The contents of the role of “Medical expert” at the level of basic medical doctor are defined by the situations and complaints stated in the U-ASK-ME list (“University of Antwerp Situations and Complaints for the Medical Expert”).

1. The Master has insight in required medical knowledge in relation to a clinical problem. The Master applies the taught knowledge (IV) and can reason towards a decision (IV)

2. The Master effectively applies taught skills in relation to a clinical problem (IV)

3. The Master can execute a consult plan. The Master does a relevant and accurate intake and anamnesis (IV). The Master effectively does a physical or another examination (IV) and draws up a differential diagnosis (II). The Master effectively collects, analyses and interprets data (from case history, physical examination, technical test) (IV). The Master makes a correct diagnosis (IV) and proposes effective actions/treatment (IV)

4. The Master draws up an adequate, multidisciplinary care plan with specific attention to self-care and after-care of the patient (IV)

5. The Master describes symptoms of essential (and fixed (e.g. top 10’s)) syndromes and alarm signals (and considers them in a differential diagnosis) (IV)

6. The Master integrates the roles of communicator, collaborator, manager, health advocate, scholar and professional (IV)

7. The Master gives a clear and understandable account of a relevant, complete, systematic and accurate intake and anamnesis (IV)

8. The Master reports the patient case in writing mentioning the patient report or referral (IV)

9. The Master can fill out a patient file and keep it up to date and presents all relevant information for every other health care provider clearly and orderly (IV)

10. The Master reports the patient case orally to other doctors and health care providers (IV)

11. The Master communicates their scientific research clearly, completely and orderly (IV)

12. The Master communicates with the patient during the consultation according to the valid standards of “good practice” (IV)

13. The Master engages in an empathic, confidential and ethically sound doctor-patient and doctor-family relation and can maintain this (IV)

14. The Master reflects on his own communication and his progress in it (IV)

15. The Master knows and involves the profile and competences of other care providers (IV)

16. The Master actively participates in teamwork (IV)

17. The Master makes an effective contribution to a team in the area of patient care, education and research (IV)

18. The Master integrates the following in teamwork: taking and giving responsibility (IV), delegating and organising (III), giving and getting colleague advice (IV), boosting the “chain of care” (increasing the effectiveness of working interdisciplinary) (IV), dealing with inter-professional conflict (IV)

19. The Master reflects on working in a team and respecting the opinion of other team members (IV)

20. The Master reflects on self-care and the balance between work and personal development (work/private life time management) (IV)

21. The Master ranks information in order of importance and urgency, sets sound priorities and motivates these (professional time management) (IV)

22. The Master deals correctly and timely with administrative and organisational tasks (IV)

23. The Master registers, classifies and exchanges patient data in an effective (and confidential) way (IV)

24. The Master makes use of information technology to optimize patient care (and functioning of the practice) (patient-related databases) (IV) and to stimulate “life long learning” (medical databases) (IV)

25. The Master can work within the health system and other care systems (welfare, justice) in Belgium (IV)

26. The Master has insights in the costs that medical actions entail for society, the patient and the doctor (IV)

27. The Master reflects on the psychological, social, economic, biological, societal, ethical cultural and religious aspects that influence the patient’s health (IV)

28. The Master sensitizes the individual patient and the general population in relation to health aspects (primary prevention) (IV)

29. The Master does prevention and health promotion with individual patients and the general population (secondary prevention) (IV)

30. The Master has attention for patient safety (IV)

31. The Master effectively guides patients through the labyrinth of health care and gives arguments when choices need to be made (IV)

32. The Master gives preferred attention to the patient’s interests (IV)

33. The Master involves and facilitates the accessibility of health care in their work, in particular for vulnerable groups (IV)

34. The Master reflects on critical incidents in the practice (IV)

35. The Master asks relevant, practice-oriented and scientific questions in relation to patient care (IV)

36. The Master effectively, purposefully and quickly searches medical sources (IV)

37. The Master questions the quality of the scientific sources used (IV)

38. The Master adequately applies scientific information in practice (decisions) (IV)

39. In relation to the development and follow up of a personal training plan the Master can reflect critically and scientifically on their own actions in the practice (IV). The Master describes and analyses their personal learning needs (IV) and applies an adequate learning method (IV). The Master evaluates their learning results independently or with (professional) peers and adjusts (IV)

40. The Master contributes to the creation, circulation and application of new medical knowledge and practice (IV)

41. The Master stimulates follow up training for patients, family, students, interns, other health care providers, general population (IV)

42. The Master adjusts their functioning to societal evolutions in health care (IV)

43. The Master is willing to do lifelong learning (IV)

44. The Master gives highest quality care to the patient in an integral, honourable and ethically sound way (IV)

45. The Master knows the meaning of and applies professional codes (II), ethical codes and dilemmas (uses an ethical frame of reference) (IV), legal codes (IV)

46. The Master reflects on his own behavior (IV), his own professional attitude: shows the will to provide optimal, ethical and patient-centered medical care (IV), attitude and behavior of others and evaluates it for himself (IV), legal implications of patient care (patients’ rights, professional secrecy, DNR-codes, terminal care) (IV), professional, ethical, legal codes (IV)

47. The Master has the right professional attitude and behavior and shows: honesty, integrity, commitment, respect, understanding, empathy, altruism and corrects himself if necessary (IV)

48. The Master indicates their own limits, limitations or gaps of knowledge and knows how to deal with these (IV)